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From the Department of the Little and the Late

Should it ever happen that the sacred poem
to which heaven and earth have set their hand,
such that I am made lean after all these years,

con­quers the cru­elty that locked me out
of the sweet sheep­fold where I slept as a lamb,
enemy of the wolves who brought it war,

with another voice and another fleece
I shall then return a poet…
            —Dante, Par­adiso XV.1-8

The Tele­graph reports that the city coun­cil of Flo­rence has voted to revoke the sen­tence that sent the Ital­ian poet into exile for the remain­der of his life. The March 1302 con­dem­na­tion promised death by fire were Dante ever to set foot in the city.

This is not the first time that Flo­ren­tines have tried to achieve formal rec­on­cil­i­a­tion with the man they would later honor as “the high­est poet.” Wikipedia gives this account of an early effort:

In 1315, Flo­rence was forced by Uguc­cione della Fag­giuola (the mil­i­tary offi­cer con­trol­ling the town) to grant an amnesty to people in exile, includ­ing Dante. But Flo­rence required that as well as paying a sum of money, these exiles would do public penance. Dante refused, pre­fer­ring to remain in exile. When Uguc­cione defeated Flo­rence, Dante’s death sen­tence was com­muted to house arrest, on con­di­tion that he go to Flo­rence to swear that he would never enter the town again. Dante refused to go. His death sen­tence was con­firmed and extended to his sons. Dante still hoped late in life that he might be invited back to Flo­rence on hon­ourable terms.

The Flo­ren­tine res­o­lu­tion, which passed 19-5, restores Dante’s full cit­i­zen­ship in the city. The five naysay­ers not unjustly called the process “a stunt,” and Vit­to­rio Ser­monti, one of the most famous read­ers and com­men­ta­tors on Dante in Italy today, was like­wise skep­ti­cal. “Well,” he told La Repub­blica, “now they can start the reha­bil­i­ta­tion process for Brutus and Cas­sius as well.”

Dante’s Tenzone with Forese Donati: 4

Forese’s second poem to Dante refers to three build­ings: Santa Maria a San Gallo, an old (in Dante’s time) Flo­ren­tine hos­pi­tal; the Altrafronte Castle, on which Dante may have super­vised on some con­struc­tion work; and the hos­pi­tal of San Paolo a Pinti, which was founded and main­tained by the Donati family. Tana and Francesco were Dante’s half-​sister and -brother, i.e. off­spring of his father’s second mar­riage. Bel­luzzo was a (pre­sum­ably igno­ble) rel­a­tive of Dante’s.

The ear­lier poems are avail­able here, here, and here.

++++++++

Forese to Dante

Go pay back San Gallo before you waste
your words on others’ poverty,
for this last winter brought you
too much pity from its patrons.
And besides, if we’re as poor as you say,
why do you keep both­er­ing us for hand­outs?
You’ve carved so much out of the Altrafronte Castle
that I’m sure you’re eating just fine.

Really, some work would do you well—
and Tana and Francesco—if (God help you)
you wouldn’t be stuck with Bel­luzzo.
But I’ll bet you end up at the Pinti hospice—
yes, I can see you at the table there,
the third, after Alighiero and his shirt.

+ + +

Va’ rivesti San Gal prima che dichi
parole o motti d’altrui pover­tate,
ché troppo n’è venuta gran pietate
in questo verno a tutti suoi amichi.
E anco, se tu ci hai per sì men­dichi,
perché pur mandi a noi per car­i­tate?
Dal castello Altra­fonte ha’ ta’ grem­bi­ate
ch’io saccio ben che tu te ne nutrichi.

Ma ben ti lecerà il lavo­rare,
se Dio ti salvi la Tana e ‘l Francesco,
che col Bel­luzzo tu non stia in brigata.
A lo spedale a Pinti ha’ riparare;
e già mi par vedere stare a desco,
ed in terzo, Alighier co la farsata.

Dante’s Tenzone with Forese Donati: 3

The first punch of the second round: Dante strikes back at Forese, accus­ing him of glut­tony and theft. (The first two poems are here and here.) A few notes: the revenge promised by the hide in the fourth line is, I think, a ref­er­ence to a belt. San Simone is a church in Flo­rence, but the allu­sion here is to the prison that stood nearby. And Stagno’s son (last line) was hanged for robbery.

++++++++

Dante to Forese

Solomon and par­tridge breasts
may very well tie your knot, young Bicci,
but the lamb loin will do you even worse,
for soon enough the hide will avenge the meat,
and you’ll be penned at San Simone
unless you’re able to slip away.
(Though even if you escape that stom­ach of yours
it’s too late now to make amends.)

But I’ve been told you know a trade
that, if true, could set you to rights,
for it’s worth a fair for­tune.
So go to it as if you didn’t fear
the sum­mons that would end the job—
and never mind how ill it served Stagno’s son.

+ + +

Ben ti faranno il nodo Sala­m­one,
Bicci nov­ello, e’ petti de le starne,
ma peggio fia la lonza del cas­trone,
ché ‘l cuoio farà vendetta de la carne;
tal che starai più presso a San Simone
se tu non ti pro­cacci de l’andarne:
e ‘ntendi che ‘l fug­gire el mal boc­cone
sarebbe oramai tardi a ricomprarne.

Ma ben m’è detto che tu sai un’arte
che, s’egli è vero, tu ti puoi rifare,
però ch’ell’è di molto gran guadagno;
e fa sì, a tempo, che tema di carte
non hai, che ti bisogni sci­op­er­are;
ma ben ne colse male a’ fi’ di Stagno.

Dante’s Tenzone with Forese Donati: 2

solomon_nanoknot.jpg

Today, Forese’s response to Dante’s first poem. There are a few useful things to know here: Alighiero di Bellincione, Dante’s father, was a money­len­der, and his appear­ance here is prob­a­bly sup­posed to be spec­tral. Also, Solomon’s knot is an ancient design, rep­re­sented above, and was a symbol of nat­ural per­fec­tion for medievals.

++++++++

Forese to Dante

The other night I got a bad cough
because I had no clothes to wear.
And so, as soon as it was day, I set out
to earn some money how­ever I could.
Now listen to the luck I man­aged:
think­ing I’d dis­cov­ered pearls in a box­wood
and florins coined from red gold,
instead I found Alighiero down among the graves,
bound by a knot whose name I don’t know—
it might have been Solomon’s, or the work of some other sage.
I crossed myself before the rising sun,
and then he cried, “For the love of Dante,
untie me!” But I couldn’t see how,
so I left him there and went on my way.

+ + +

L’altra notte mi venne una gran tosse,
perch’i’ non avea che tener a dosso;
ma incon­ta­nente che fu di’, fui mosso
per gir a guadag­nar ove che fosse.
Udite la for­tuna ove m’addosse:
ch’i’ cre­detti trovar perle in un bosso
e be’ fiorin coniati d’oro rosso;
ed i’ trovai Alaghier tra le fosse,
legato a nodo ch’i’ non saccio il nome,
se fu di Sala­m­one o d’altro saggio.
Allora mi segna’ verso ‘l lev­ante:
e que’ mi disse: “Per amor di Dante,
scio’mi”. Ed i’ non potti veder come:
tornai a dietro, e compie’ mi’ vïaggio.

Next,

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